W4^ 



V, 




i 




mi 1800 




LULWOOD. 

MILFORD, NEW HAMPSHIRE. 



SOLDI ERS' 






■\- 



Pure water, cold, cold water, 
God's kindest gift to man ; 

And he who plants a fountain 
Builds on His sacred plan. 

D. K. Proctor. 



\- 



Historical Sketcl) of bl)e 
Rocfcs Arour)cl ht)^ Foupbaii). 



ARRANGED BY _^ 

MRS. OLIVER W. LULL. 



MlLFOUD, N. H. : 
Cabine^t Book Print. 

-^ 1900. 



^eMcaiioxXi 



|HE Soldiers' Memorial Light and Fountain was 
^__ dedicated by Oliver W. Lull Post on the one 
hundredth anniversary of the town of Milford. At 
nine o'clock in the morning the Post, escorted by the 
Milford Cornet band, the Lyndeboro Heavy Artillery 
led by the Wilton Cornet band, and visiting friends 
and citizens gathered round the Fountain. After 
prayer by the chaplain of the Post, the Fountain was 
unveiled and formally presented by its donor, Mrs. 
Lull, and accepted by J. R. Perkins, commander of 
the Post, "In honor of the gallant men from Milford, 
of whatever nation, race or color, who pledged or 
gave their lives to establish and maintain our Ameri- 
can Republic." Little Rollo, son of Dr. H. S. 
Hutchinson, turned the lever and eight jets sent high 
in the air their myriads of sun-tinted drops of pure, 
cold water. 

While the band finely rendered "The Star Spangled 
Banner," a large flag was unfurled, bearing this in- 
scription : "The stars shall shine on forever. They 
are all there. Thanks, veterans." 

In the evening a large company assembled to witness 
the lighting of the Fountain. While the Dearborn 
brothers' quartette sweetly sang the Dedication hymn, 



(3) 



composed by their mother, Kate Hutchinson Birney, 
the baby fingers of Paul, son of H. F. Warren, 
"pressed the button" and nine electric lights flashed 
our national colors through the fleecy spray, lighting 
up the Fountain and the beautiful grounds far and 
near as if it were fairyland. A quartette of young 
ladies sang "The Fairyland Waltz." D. E. Proctor 
read an original poem entitled, "Pure Cold Water." 
Interesting remarks were made by visiting veterans 
and citizens. John, sweet singer and sole survivor of 
the celebrated Hutchinson family, charmed his lis- 
teners wlfh old time ballads and songs of home. 
The exercises in honor of Milford's patriot sons 
closed with a benediction. 



( 4 ) 




(U 



CD 









(U 









mxxe gttcrrvj of the ili?ci|0 



1^ dedicate to ray young friends : The children of 
S ^^^^ public schools, classes of 1900. The birds, 
grateful for the gift of pure, cold water, come and 
drink at the Fountain morning and evening ; then 
they sing their songs of praise. Will the boys and girls 
be less mindful of those to whom they are indebted 
for the priceless inheritance of a country unrivalled, 
and a government that millions of men in all the glo- 
ry of youth and early manhood gave their lives to 
establish and maintain ? 

On the old colonial seal of the Fourth state there 
is pictured a nest of silkworms with the motto "Not 
for ourselves, but others." It suggests an object les- 
son worthy of remembrance. Our country calls for 
an army of diligent, unselfish workers, men and 
women whose lives are not bounded by the tiny, gol- 
den circlet of self-interest, but who will work "for 
others." Prepare to join the ranks, boys and girls ! 
Strive now to bring your lives in accord with the 
principles of our government — founded in justice, in- 
tegrity and brave loyalty to the People. 



(5 ) 



gLntri?^ttctton> 



?HE Memorial means: 

A world of memories, a world of tears, 
a world of glories. — Garfield. 

Of what shall we build ? Build of the imperish- 
able. Cut from the deep quarries of the earth blocks 
of granite and marble. Gather precious stones from 
the heart of the mountains. Bring shells from the is- 
lands of the sea. Then weave all into an unbroken 
chain, telling the story of our Union of states estab- 
lished by Washington and his grand army of patriots. 
Telling the story of our grand-sires of 1812, who gal- 
lantly battled on land and sea in its defence. And 
when in 1861 sectional strife fanned into a glowing 
flame war, horrible war — threateaing the overthrow 
of our national government ; then the danger sig- 
nals were set. They blazed from hill-top and moun- 
tain and the war cry echoed through valley and glen. 
And lo ! The loyal sons of America, coming from 
North, South, East and West, fell into line, saying, 
"The Union it must and shall be forever and for its 
existence we pledge all that we have — all that we 
are or expect to be, asking only that the dear old 
flag shall be our winding sheet." As if by magic, 



(6) 



thousands upon thousands of peace-loving men were 
changed into a host of warriors, armed and equipped 
for battle. They met a foe watchful, brave, fearless, 
determined to gain what they and their ancestors be- 
lieved the constitution gave them — ^'-State Sovereign- 
ty.'''' And now the fight is on, that furious, skilful 
game of battle was hotly contested ; advancing, re- 
treating, a battle gained, another lost. Oh my God! 
What suffering! Hunger, thirst, sickness, death. At 
night the soldier's bed was oftentimes the cold, wet 
earth, while above him in the star-gemmed mantle of 
night, gleamed the southern cross or star of the 
North. What a regal canopy ! But clouds often in- 
tervened, shutting out the glittering host of stars — 
shutting out all but the pitiless rain on uncovered 
heads. Disease and death ever lay in wait for the 
soldier — sometimes meeting him boldly in battle ar- 
ray — again descending in hot haste on the fierce 
beams of the noonday sun — or stealthily lurking in 
the air of night, filling his blood with poison ; thus 
helping the bullets in their work of death. And so 
the contest raged for four long years till, at last, the 
bells rang out their glad tidings of peace, while in 
thousands upon thousands of homes throughout the 
length and breadth of our land, there was no peace, 
no joy, only the sound of weeping and mourning ; for 
the cannon thundered, the bells rang and the people 
shouted. — From out thy life "the beautiful has gone 
forever." 

Then state after state wheeled into line in the old 
familiar fashion, and now it matters not whether our 
feet keep step to Dixie's lively notes, or it is "Tramp, 
tramp, tramp, the boys are marching," for with glad 
hearts we all follow where the old flasf leads. 



( 7 ) 



Each block of granite and marble, each shining 
crystal and pearl-tinted shell has its story to tell, but 
the most precious part of the story is the memory of 
the kindly words and courteous deeds of Southman 
and Northman, for these have given me courage to 
erect on this dear spot of home, the dearly loved 
home of one of New Hampshire's patriot sons, this 
fitting memorial of the cause, for which our Grand 
Army of Patriots so nobly gave their lives. 

These blocks of native stone coming from the for- 
ty-five states are placed round the Fountain accord- 
ing to the admission into the Union of the state they 
represent. Some leading events in the history of 
the states are given, with the familiar name by which 
it is known and the words inscribed on its seal of 
state. 



( « ) 



THE STORY OF THE ROCKS. 




^^p|AS the First of the thirteen original colonies to 
^^^§1 accept and adopt the Constitution of the United 
States, by a unanimous vote, on December 7, 1787 ; 
therefore she stands next to the old eagle and leads 
the grand procession of Sovereign States as they circle 
round the Fountain. She is here represented as sep- 
arated from hostile England by rifle balls and me- 
mentos of stone from revolutionary battle fields; while 
close beside her stands France, her loyal friend and 
generous ally. 

She is familiarly called the "Blue Hen." 

On her coat of arms she inscribes the words, "-Lib- 
er tt/ and Independence^ 

The state received its name from Lord De La 
Ware, who explored its coast and entered the beauti- 
ful river which bears his name. 

The fine block of granite representing the state, 
was presented to the Fountain by Hon. J. B. Bird of 
Wilmington. It was quarried near that famous bat- 
tlefield on the historic stream of the Brandy wine, 
where one thousand American soldiers fell, to throw 
off England's yoke and establish a free government 
on American soil. 



(9) 



I^IVE days after the admission of Delaware this 
state ratified the National Constitution by a two- 
thirds vote, and was admitted to the Union, Decem- 
ber 12, 1787. It was first settled by the Swedes, who 
came over the seas to preach the gospel of Christ to 
the heathen in America. Later, William Penn and 
his two thousand Quaker comrades established a set- 
tlement on the site of the present city of Philadelphia. 

Penn desired to have the country called Sylvania, 
because it was a "faire, greene countrie." The king 
consented, adding "Penn" as a prefix. 

It is justly called the "Keystone State," for with- 
in its fairest city occurred two of the most important 
events in the history of our country. A meeting of 
the Continental Congress, to which the colonies sent 
their ablest men. At the close of the session when 
the final vote was announced, at a given signal from 
the door keeper, the son of the bell ringer rushed out 
into the street, shouting, "Ring! Ring! Ring!" 
And Old Liberty Bell rang out its devise, "Proclaim 
liberty throughout the land and to all the inhabitants 
thereof." 

Eleven years later, in the same hall, a Constitu- 
tional Convention was held, which changed the Con- 
federation of States to a National LTnion, and framed 
that bond of wisdom and strength, The Constitution of 
the United States, which has guided and guarded 
our American Republic for more than one hundred 
years. On that memorable occasion this sentiment 
was given: "May the sword of the parent never be 
stained with the blood of her children." 

In the city of Philadelphia, Washington held our 
first republican court, an account of which was given 



( 10) 




< 






u. 






pi 



by Benjamin Franklin in the first monthly magazine 
published in America. 

The state seal bears the words, " Virtue, Liberty, 
Independence." 

This state is represented by a slab of green mar- 
ble, on which is cut the autograph of Galusha A. 
Grow, who was Speaker of the House of Representa- 
tives during the civil war. 

A piece of coal, small, but prized, because a sol- 
dier's knife cut the tiny keystone. 

A curious bundle of small stones, which was tak- 
en from an immense boulder in the oil regions of the 
state. It was sent to the Fountain by Mr. Abel A. 
Coffin. 



^i^HE Third state was admitted to the Union, De- 
^S, cember i8, 1787. It was first settled by the 
Dutch and Swedes, and later, by the English, as a re- 
sort for the persecuted Quakers. It was named for 
the beautiful island of Jersey, in the English Channel. 
The block of granite representing this state was 
quarried from the fields of the "Old Hutchinson 
Homestead" in Milford, and presented to the 
Fountain by Ludlow Patton of Orange, New Jersey, 
in honor of his wife, Abby Hutchinson Patton, whose 
musical ability and charming personality won for her 
hosts of friends, both at home and abroad. From 
1840 to i860, when the agitation of slavery was at its 
height, and freedom for the black man was demanded 
from platform, farm and pulpit, no voice was more 



( II ) 



potent ill its pathetic appeal for their liberation than 
Milford's sweet- voiced singer. 

Crowned with the laurel wreath of fame, she left 
her New Hampshire home with him, whose love was 
the brightest jewel in her crown, for the home of the 
Pattons in Orange. This family was distinguished 
both in civil and military life during the war of the 
revolution. 

On the face of the granite block is cut the name 
of the state it represents ; also the autograph of Abby 
Hutchinson Patton, with a bar of music from a piece 
of her own composition, which was set to the song of 
Alfred Tennyson— "Ring Out, V/ild Bells." 

The state is also represented by a fine piece of 
native brown stone, presented by Mr. A. F. Gutter- 
son of Vineland. 

Engraved on the State seal are the words. Liberty 
and Frospei'ity.'''' 



SKiUlHE Fourth state, showed her appreciation of the 
W^ Constitution by unanimously accepting and 
adopting it. She was admitted to the Union January 

2, 1788. 

This section of country was first explored by the 
Spaniards. They sought for the "Mountain of gold" 
which the Indians told them about. After a period 
of nearly one hundred years, James Oglethorpe estab- 
lished the territory as a refuge for those who sought 
work and permanent homes in the new world. He 



( 12 ) 



made his home in a tent under "four pine trees" on 
the site of the present city of Savannah. 

Among the earliest industries introduced, was the 
manufacture of silk. The first that was made he sent 
to England as a present to the queen. The first Colo- 
nial Seal represented a family of silk worms, and on 
it was this motto, "-Not for ourselves^ hut for others''' 
He named the Colony for his king, George II. As its 
governor, he refused to have slavery introduced ; 
neither would he allow the importation of rum. For 
his kindness to the Indians they presented him with a 
buffalo skin, lined, with the head and feathers of an 
eagle painted on the inside, saying, "The feathers are 
soft: emblem of love; the skin is warm, signifying 
protection ; therefore love and protect our homes and 
families." 

As it was a royal colony it suffered greatly during 
the revolutionary war. 

Georgia was ever an earnest advocate of ' ' State 
Sovereignty," and with the courage of her convic- 
tions, she defied the national government by driving 
out the Creek Indians, who were under the direct pro- 
tection of the government. Here she gained the vic- 
tory. 

In her second act in the drama of "State Rights" 
she seceded from the Union (January 19, 1861,) and 
her beautiful country was made desolate. "From At- 
lanta to the sea" there was a wall of fire, leaving in 
its trail smouldering ashes. Her soil was drenched 
with the blood of her own patriotic sons, who con- 
scientiously defended state and home against the 
grand army of patriots, who fought for the supremacy 
of the national government. 

Like the fabled Phoenix, she has "risen from her 



( 13 ) 



ashes." With courage and persistence of purpose she 
has built larger towns and finer cities. Today she 
stands among the foremost of her sister states, well 
worthy of her name, "The Empire State of the 
South." 

'■'■ Wisdom, Justice, Moderation, Constitution," are 
the words engraved on her state seal. 

Three fine blocks of native marble make up the 
tablet representing this state. On one is cut the name 
of the state ; on another the name of one of her dis- 
tinguished sons, Charles F. Crisp. 






^onxxctiicxxi. 

AS the Fifth state to ratify the Constitution. 
She was admitted to the Union January 9, 
1788. She has the honor of naming and being named 
for the "Pride of New England Rivers," from the In- 
dian word Quaneckticut, meaning "Long river." 
The first settlement was established at New Haven 
by a party of English Puritans, who found it a haven 
of rest after their long journey over the ocean. They 
declared that the rules of Scripture should govern the 
ordering of their affairs. Then a "Daughter colony" 
from Massachusetts settled at Hartford. They framed 
liberal laws. Then the two colonies united under 
the first written Constitution framed in America. It 
remained in force for nearly two hundred years. 
It is familiarly called "The Nutmeg State." 
On her state seal are the words, Qui Transtulit Sus- 
tinet.^^ 



( 14 ) 



This state is represented by a block of sunset 
marble bearing this inscription on a leaf of shamrock : 
"From the Lakes of Killarney, Ireland." It lightens 
with its sunset hues, our union of states in stone, and 
is a compliment to every brave Irish patriot who 
pledged his life for his adopted country. It was pre- 
sented to the Fountain by Mr. Frank B- Turner of 
New Haven. 

It is also represented by specimens of ore from 
the iron mines of Salisbury. These mines have been 
worked since the year 1732. During the revolution 
they were owned in part by Ethan Allen, and fur- 
nished the colonies with balls and cannon. The guns 
on our frigate, "Old Ironsides," were cast in the old 
Salisbury furnace in 1797. 



^a^&acljn&cii^^ 






^FTER a stormy debate and violent opposition the 
Colony of Massachusetts adopted the Constitu- 
tion by the close vote 187 to 168. She was admitted 
to the Union February 6, 1788. Her name comes 
from the Indian word Maswetuset, and this name is 
interwoven with every moral, social and political event 
in the settlement and advancement of North America. 
She is called the ' ' Mother of the New England Colo- 
nies," and has ever stood at the front, reliable but de- 
fiant. 

In her harbor the "Mayflower" anchored. In 
the pitiless cold of winter, after a voyage of three 
months, one hundred Pilgrims set foot on Ply- 
mouth rock. Before the mayflowers bloomed in the 



( 15) 



springtime, one-half their number was dead. Then 
came a warm summer, and in the autumn they 
reaped a bountiful harvest. Thanking God for His 
mercies, they established our great national festival. 

Mindful of her devotion to the church she loved, 
she founded Harvard college, where her young men 
might be fitted for the honorable and devout ministe- 
rial calling. Mindful also of her desire for indepen- 
dence, in her fine harbor she gave the biggest "tea 
party" of all the ages. The fishes were cheered, and 
the "Mother Country" reluctantly paid the bill. 
Was she not the home of the "Salem witches," and 
did she not hang them on "Gallows hill?" 

She freed her slaves in 1766, and later founded 
an anti-slavery party. Then she threatened secession 
but generously poured out her treasures and gave the 
life-blood of her noblest sons when the existence of 
the Union was in peril. 

Ah ! And was she not the home of our own 
grand-sires, who rocked that lusty infant, "Liberty," 
in her cradle of renown ; and with the help of her sis- 
ter states, she brought him up in the way he should 
go, teaching him to obey the commandments of God, 
to abide by the Declaration of Independence, and to 
follow, in letter and spirit, that compact framed by 
the wisdom of our sires: "The Constitution of the 
United States. ' ' On reaching the full stature of man- 
hood, he stood, in wisdom and strength, far above all 
other kings and rulers ; so tall and grand that the gaze 
of the whole world was turned hither, and before the 
crown of stars that encircled his brow, the flag of ev- 
ery nation, on land and .sea, saluted "Liberty," who 
had guided the destiny of a continent for one hundred 
years. 

She is familiarly called the "Old Bay State." 



( 16 ) 



'"'■Ense Petit Plaeidam Sub Libertate Quietem^^^ is 
engraved on her state seal. 

The block of granite representing the state was 
quarried in the town of Acton, where the Federals 
stored their supplies, and bravely defended them 
against the "Redcoats." It was presented to the 
Fountain by one of her soldier sons, Capt. W. W. 
Hemenway. 



l^pATlFIED the Constitution by a vote of 63 to ii, 
1^ and was admitted to the Union May 28, 1788. 
The state was first settled by the Catholics, under 
Lord Baltimore, on that broad and sure bulwark of 
freedom, "Religious toleration." 

The country was named for England's fair 
queen, Henrietta Maria. 

In 1762 a long contest was settled by establish- 
ing the northern boundary line between the free and 
slave states, known as "Mason and Dixon's Line." 

This state played a conspicuous part in the war 
of 181 2, as well as in the civil war, thus furnishing a 
theme for musical inspiration. In 18 14, when the 
British fleet attacked the forts guarding the city of 
Baltimore, one of her sons, Francis Scott Key, 
watched the bombardment of Fort McHenry from a 
ship out in the harbor. In the morning when he 
saw his country's flag still flying, he was inspired to 
write our national air, "The Star Spangled Ban- 



( 17 ) 



ner, ' ' whose rythm and melody awakens pride and 
patriotism in every American heart. 

During that fearful crisis in our country's histo- 
ry, the civil war, the sentiment of the people of Mary- 
land was divided between the North and South, so 
when the Sixth Massachusetts Regiment marched 
through the streets of Baltimore, it was met with 
armed resistance. General Butler, commanding, 
asked the mayor for the "keys of the city." The 
official answered, "By whose authority?" The Gen- 
erall replied, "By the authority of the cannon on 
Federal Hill." 

The Union sentiment, so strong and tender, 
found voice in that loving appeal, "Maryland, My 
Maryland." Thank God, peace reigns, and this, the 
fairest state, is again our own loyal Maryland. 

It is familiarly called "The Old Line State." 

On its state seal are these words : ^^/Souto Bonce 
Voluntatis Tace Coronasti iVbs." 

The state is represented by several fine pieces of 
native marble, presented by Mr. Hugh Sisson of Bal- 
timore. On one is cut the name of the state. 



^|i|AS the eighth state to adopt the Constitution, 
by a vote of 149 to 73. She was admitted to 
the Union May 23, 1788. The country was first vis- 
ited by the Spaniard. Then came the French Hugue- 
nots, who established a colony at Port Royal. They, 
in turn, were followed by the English, who founded 



(18) 



the city of Charleston, naming it for their king, 
Charles 11. She has the honor of framing the first 
State Constitution for an "Ideal Government." 

This state played a prominent part in the war of 
the revolution. Among her noted leaders are the 
names of Sumpter and Marion ; while the memory of 
her historic battlefields, Cowpens, King's Mountain 
and Eutaw Springs, still move the patriotic heart 
with pride, for here England received her just dues, 
and the cause of liberty was strengthened. 

Her statesmen, among the noted men in our na- 
tional legislature, were progressive and independent. 

She is styled "The Mother of Secession." 

From the very beginning of her existence, she 
was a firm believer in "State Rights." With deci- 
sion and great courage, in 1832 she declared against 
the "Iniquity of Protection," and passed an "Act of 
Nullification," which was finally settled in Congress 
by her distinguished statesman, Henry Clay. 

Again her people responded to the call of the 
"Sovereign State." On December 20, i860, a state 
convention was called. It repealed by a unanimous 
vote, her adoption of the National Constitution. Out 
of a population of 47,000 voters, she furnished 67,000 
troops; and the first gun was fired from Fort Sump- 
ter, calling a nation to arms. 

It is known as "The Palmetto State." 

The mottos on her state seal : '■'■So. Carolina. An- 
imus Opibusque Parati. Dum Spire Spero Spes.^^ 

The fine block of native granite, which bears the 
name of South Carolina, was presented to the Foun- 
tain by Mr. L. C. Firrell of Charleston. It came 
finely polished and lettered. In compliment to the 
state, it now bears the name of John C. Calhoun, who 



( 19) 



was an enthusiastic advocate of state sovereignty. In 
his last speech in the United States Senate he said : 
"If we cannot settle our disputes on the broad princi- 
ples of justice and duty, let the states we both repre- 
sent agree to separate, and part in peace." 



gt^w ^)anx\r&i}\ve) 



W4 



^HE nhith state, after much opposition, adopted 
'^^^ the Constitution by a vote of 57 to 40, and was 
admitted to the Union June 21,1 788 . Her first set- 
tlement was made at Portsmouth, three years after 
the landing of the Pilgrims. She was named after 
the County of Hampshire in England. 

She is the most picturesque of all the states, and 
is called "The Switzerland of America." Her foun- 
dation is of granite, while she lifts high in the air her 
mountains of granite. The highest of all is crested 
with clouds, and the state honors it by naming it 
"Mount Washington. ' ' She gathers up her pure wa- 
ters from hillside and meadow, and sends them on to 
the ocean through her charming water-way, the Mer- 
rimack river. 

"No watry gleams through happier valleys shine, 
Nor drinks the sea a lovelier virave than thine." 

She has given to the country some of her ablest 
statesmen and bravest warriors. The eloquent words 
of Daniel Webster, "Liberty and Union, one and in- 
separable," will live forever. General Stark, at the 
battle of Bunker Hill, said "There are the Redcoats; 
before night we must conquer them or Molly Stark 



( 20) 




< 



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is a widow." Have not the sons of the revolutiona- 
ry sires shown themselves as fearless and loyal in ev- 
ery American cause ? 

The "Granite State," proud of her ocean view, 
has pictured on her seal of state, a ship at anchor, 
with flag flying, encircled by a wreath of laurel. 

The state is represented by a tablet of pink gran- 
ite, variegated with moss green. It bears this in- 
scription : "Governor John B. Smith, 1894." This 
gentleman was governor of the state when the foun- 
tain was dedicated. He generously gave the block in 
honor of our Milford patriots. 

A boulder of crystals bears the name of its donor, 
Col. John W. Crosby, who gave his right arm in the 
service of his country. 

On a block of granite is cut the badge of the 
Nineteenth Army Corps. The Eighth New Hamp- 
shire Volunteers was in this corps from 1861 to 1865. 
It was presented by B. S. Woods of Nashua. 

Through the kindness of Messrs. N. A. Childs 
of Temple and C. A. Bales of Wilton, the Fountain 
received specimens from the first American glass 
manufactory, which was built in Temple in 1780. 

Through the courtesy of Mrs. O. C. Moore of 
Nashua, the Fountain received from Mr. W. F. York 
two fine specimens of native stone. In one, nature 
has bound up in its cells of quartz the colors of the 
rose, while the beryl has caught the tint of its leaves. 

From J. A. Carkin, a block of glass, and another 
of quartz. 

A block of shining cr}'stals from the White 
Mountains, from Mrs. E. M. Dudley. 

A block of black and white mica, tinted with 
red, from Mrs. F. M. Hood. 



( 21 ) 



|HB tenth state, was admitted to the Union Jan- 
uary 25, 1788. It was first visited by Sir Wal- 
ter Raleigh, who commanded an expedition of seven 
ships, sent out by Queen Elizabeth to search for 
"heathen lands." He found the "heathen," and 
what proved to be of more account, he found growing 
on the land a valuable product, of which he sent a 
cargo back to England. Today the use of that prod- 
uct (tobacco) is world wide. He named the country 
in honor of his beloved queen. The first permanent 
Anglo-American settlement was made here on abeau- 
tiful river. They called it Jamestown, in honor of 
their king, James H. It proved to be the germ of a 
powerful republic in the new world. 

Not only were the principles of national freedom 
early recognized in Virginia, but colonial slavery, 
with its direful results, originated by the landing of 
twenty slaves sold from a Dutch ship. 

Virginia claims a brilliant array of statesmen and 
warriors. Patrick Henry, her first governor, stands 
unrivalled as an orator. Thomas Jefferson, the ' 'Sage 
of Monticello," wisely advocated the gradual emanci- 
pation of the slaves. But the name that stands above 
all others, in state and nation, is that of George 
Washington, and his home on the banks of the Poto- 
mac will ever be the mecca of American patriots. 

Virginia, so proud and independent, was ever 
jealous of any interference by the national govern- 
ment with her state affairs. Yet, when the existence 
of the Union was threatened, she did her utmost to 
avoid a conflict, calling a peace convention. But all 



( 22 ) 



in vain. Tlie seeds of dissension sown between tlie 
two sections of country, must bring forth their bitter 
fruit. The first bloodshed was within her own bor- 
ders, with John Brown inciting the slaves to an in- 
surrection. His crune was punished to the full ex- 
tent of the law, but the struggle became inevitable. 

On April 17, 1861, an order of secession was 
passed. Then came the struggle of contending ar- 
mies, bivouacked on the soil of the "Old Do- 
minion." Here Thomas J. Jackson gained his title 
of "Stonewall." Here Barbara Freitchie defiantly 
waved her flag in the very face of his advancing army, 
saying, "Shoot if you will this old gray head, but 
spare your country's flag," while Jackson with per- 
haps the cherished remembrance of love for the old 
flag in his heart, as well as his natural courtesy to 
woman, replied, "Who shoots a hair from yon gray 
head, dies like a dog. March on." 

Then came a division in the state, and the 
prophecy was made that the war would end in ninety 
days. But, alas, the days passed into long, weary 
months. Sorrow took up her abode, not only in 
the homes of old Virginia, but throughout the whole 
country. 

At last, on Virginia's soil, the final act in this 
bloody drama was solemnized before Appomatox 
court house, and General Grant gained a civilized 
world's praise, greater than any former glory, when 
he uttered those memorable words : ' ' Take your 
horses, gentlemen, you will need them to plough your 
southern fields. Let us have peace." 

On the state seal of "The Old Dominion" are 
the words, '■'■Sic Semper Tyrannise 

This state is represented by a block of white 



( 23 ) 



marble, on which is cut the fac-simile autograph of 
"G. Washington." 

A block of red sandstone from the battlefield of 
Bull Run was presented to the Fountain by a Confed- 
erate soldier, J. J. Tilsitt, of Manasas. 

Two pieces of granite from the battlefield of Get- 
tysburg, presented by Capt. W. W. Hemenway. 



Item ^0v^. 

lERE the National Constitution met with decided 
opposition, but was finally accepted. The col- 
ony was admitted as the eleventh state, July 26, 1788. 

In the sixteenth century the nations of Europe 
sent out expeditions to discover a northwest passage 
to India. Henry Hudson had charge of the Dutch 
ships. While cruising about what is now the harbor 
of New York, he discovered the river which bears his 
name. The company made settlements in the adja- 
cent country. They were followed by other nations. 
After many rival claims, Charles II of England deeded 
the country to his brother, the Duke of York. 

The city of New York is, and has ever been, 
made up of different nationalities. In 1664 eighteen 
different languages were spoken. In the seventeenth 
century her slaves formed a plot to burn the city and 
murder their masters. It was prevented by being 
discovered. The first blood shed in the war of the 
revolution was in this city. 

New York is one of the most important financial 



( 24 ) 



and commercial centers. Its harbor is unrivalled. 
Within the boundaries of the state is the grandest cat- 
aract in the world, while her mountains, lakes and 
rivers are unsurpassed. On her palisades she writes 
the passing of the centuries, while old ocean with its 
rythmic ebb and flow, cuts away all that opposes its 
mighty power in its slow but steady advance to domi- 
nate the world, as in the beginning. 

The "Empire State" writes on her seal, the one 
word, '•'•ExceUior.^'' 

The state is represented by valuable souvenirs 
from the battlefields of the American Revolution. 
They were secured through the kindness of John 
J. Nolan, who was presented with a badge of gold by 
the United States government for bravery in the bat- 
tle of Port Hudson. Souvenir from the Philipse man- 
sion at Yonkers, where the lovely Mary lived, whom 
Washington loved and wished to marry, sent by 
Thomas E. Lee. Souvenir from Washington's head- 
quarters, sent by G. H. Batchelder. Souvenir from 
the old White Light house at Stony Point. 

A piece of marble from the altar of the old Cath- 
olic church at White Plains, received through the 
courtesy of Reverend Mother Veronica. 

Souvenirs from one of the port holes of Fort 
Washington ; from Livingston house at Dobb's Fer- 
ry ; from Ticonderoga and Crown Point ; from Sun- 
ny side, the home of Washington Irving ; from Sleepy 
Hollow near where Andre was captured. 

A piece of stone from steps of Van Courtlandt 
mansion. 

Pieces of granite and marble from the tomb of 
Gen. Grant; also a brick from his old tomb, present- 
ed by Hon. Hugh Kelly of New York. 



( 25 ) 



§HE twelfth state, was admitted to the Union 
Febrnary 27, 1789. This section of country 
was first visited by Sir Walter Raleigh. He estab- 
lished a colony on Roanoke island, and here the first 
child of English parentage was born in America. 
She was named Virginia Dare. Then came a colony 
of French Hnguenots. They bnilt a fort at Port 
Royal. They were followed by adventurers from 
Virginia, who established the first permanent settle- 
ment at Albemarle. 

The people of the state were earnest advocates of 
national independence; so, at the beginning of the 
civil war, they reluctantly passed the ordinance of se- 
cession. 

From her extensive pine forests the state is fa- 
miliarly called the "Tar Heel." 

On her seal of state is the word, ''■Constitution.'" 

The Fountain is indebted to Mr. Thomas Wood- 
ruff for a fine block of "Dressed" granite, on which 
is cut the name of the state. Also the name of one of 
her honored sons, Zabulon B. Vance, whose memory 
is still cherished, for he served this state faithfully in 
peace and war. 



^HE last of the Thirteen Colonies, was admitted 
to the Union May 21, 1790. Her first settle- 
ment was made by Roger Williams, who was banished 



( 26 ) 



from Massachusetts because he declared the "Indians 
should be paid for their lands," and advocated the en- 
tire separation of church and state. For these, his 
honest sentiments, he was considered dangerous, and 
forced to leave the colony. The Indians befriended 
him, and, with five others, he made his way to a 
beautiful spot in the wildwood. And here they es- 
tablished a colony, and, thanking God for providing 
for them, they called the place Providence. 

Later, Annie Hutchinson, on account of her the- 
ological views, was driven out of Massachusetts, and 
she founded a colony at Portsmouth. Six years later 
the two colonies united. 

Rhode Island was named for an island at the 
mouth of Naragansett Bay, called by the Dutch 
"Roodt Bylandt," from its red appearance. 

She was among the first to declare her indepen- 
dence of the British crown. 

She has the honorable record of emancipating 
her slaves by law. 

Plere the first cotton mill was built in the new 
world, and calico was printed on cloth brought from 
India. 

She is the smallest republican state in the world, 
and the most enterprising. She still honors her first 
colonists by supporting two capitals. 

She is called "Little Rhody." 

On her state seal is the one word, "^o^e." 

She is represented by a block of granite, also a 
specimen of the famous Westerly rock granite, pre- 
sented by Mr. F. B. Wilkins of Woonsocket. 



( -~i ) 



HJ^HE fourteenth state, was admitted March 4, 1791. 
g8 Fourteen years before this event she framed a 
state constitution and declared her independence. 
Then she abolished slavery. 

Her name signifies the "Green Mountains," and 
they have immortalized her in song and story. Among 
them were born the brave boys, who, with their fear- 
less leader, Ethan Allen, captured the British strong- 
hold of Ticonderoga and Crown Point, thus rendering 
effective service in securing our National Indepen- 
dence. 

Her beautiful lake bears the name of its dis- 
coverer, Samuel De Champlain. In the fifteenth 
century this gentleman explored the Isthmus of Pan- 
ama, across which he conceived the plan of a ship 

canal. 

^^ Freedom and Unitij'' are the words engraven on 

her state seal. 

Vermont is represented by a block of native 
granite on which is cut the name of the state. On 
another block of white Rutland marble are the words 
"The Green Mountain Boys." 



|HE fifteenth state was admitted June i, 1792. 
_ This region was first visited by hunters, among 
whom was Daniel Boone. He camped on the Cum- 
berland river and was so pleased with this "Second 



( 28) 



Paradise," that he moved his family and established 
the town of Boonborough. 

As so many of the settlers came from Virginia, 
there was naturally a closer union between these two 
states. This similarity of political sentiment was 
shown by the "famous Virginia and Kentucky reso- 
lutions, ' ' relating to the submission of the state to the 
general government, which finally led to the doctrine 
of "Nullification and Secession." During the civil 
war the sentiment of the people was divided. Then 
they decided in favor of the Union, though many 
joined the Confederacy. 

The two great leaders of the North and South in 
the civil war were born in this state within one hun- 
dred miles of each other. 

^^ United we stand ^ divided we fall^'*'' is the mot- 
to on her state seal. 

The state is represented by a small boulder, also 
by stalactite from her wonderful "Mammoth Cave." 



^HB sixteenth state, was admitted Tune i, 1796. 
Wl^ It was settled by pioneers from other states and 
a territorial government was established. At a call 
from the governor, representatives from the different 
counties met at Knoxvillle and framed a constitution 
which provided that "No religious test should be re- 
quired for any public trust." And so this great state 
took upon herself the dignity of power in that grand 



( 29) 



and manly fashion, which gives to all others the same 
rights which they claim for themselves. 

At the time of the civil war, this was one of the 
states which loved its own, but still at heart was 
loyal to the Union. She wavered in the balance, 
but finally seceded and joined her Southern sisters. 
She furnished, however, thirty-six thousand Union 
soldiers. Within her borders some of the fiercest bat- 
tles of the civil war were fought. 

Grant against Bragg at Missionary Ridge, played 
so skilfully the bloody game that the National ceme- 
tery near by was filled with sixteen thousand slain. 
On Ivookout mountain. Hooker fought his battle in 
the clouds. And on that fiercely contested battle- 
field near by, Thomas gained his title of the "Rock 
of Chickamauga." On this fatal field, thirty-six thous- 
and men, young, brave, in the full glory and strength 
of manhood, fought their last fight, each worthy of 
the others steel. The soil was drenched and the river 
ran red with their mingled blood. This battlefield 
has been wisely set apart as a National park. And 
here, for the first time, the Blue and Gray met, they 
joined hands and marched shoulder to shoulder under 
their country's glorious banner, while the angel of 
peace came down singing this requiem. 

"Under the sod and the dew, 

Waiting the judgment day, 
Love and tears for the blue, 

Tears and love for the gray." 

On her state seal are the words, ' ' Commerce^ Ag- 
riculture.'''' 

The state is represented by two pieces of Tennes- 
see marble. On one is cut the name of the state ; on 
the other the autograph of her able representative in 
congress, Benton McMillen. 



(30) 



W^MH'E seventeenth state, was admitted in 1803. 
pl^ The name comes from its river, which in the In- 
dian tongue signifies "River of Blood." Its first set- 
tlement was made at Marietta by pioneers from New 
England. After the Revolutionary war many of the 
soldiers settled in the valley of the Ohio. 

Very wisely the founders of the state encouraged 
settlers by requiring no taxes for four years on lands 
bought of the government. In return the United 
States was to give one section in every township for 
the support of public schools. The wisdom of this 
generous policy has been fully realized, for Ohio has 
been, and is today, noted for the excellence of her 
piiblic school system. Her brave pioneers met with 
many reverses, but they worked patiently, overcoming 
all obstacles, and founded one of the largest and most 
influential states in the Union. She has given to the 
nation some of her ablest representatives, and has 
been generous in men and money when help was 
needed for state or nation. 

She is called "The Buckeye" on account of her 
splendid growth of horse chestnuts. 

On her state seal are pictured ^^ /Sheaves of wheat 
and a stack of muskets.''^ 

This state is represented by a block of white 
sandstone. It was secured through the courtesy of 
Mr. G. Boheer of Berea. 



( 31 ) 



gxJuiMana, 



l^i^HB eighteenth state, 
^1^ was fonned from t 



was admitted in 1812. It 
the "Territory of Orleans." 
This section was first visited by the Spaniards. 
Later a Frenchman named La Salle claimed the vast 
territory, drained by the Mississippi, naming it for 
his king, Louis XIV of France. 

Here Napoleon, that most skilful of warriors, 
and powerful of rulers, sought to found a new France. 
But seeing that war was likely to occur between 
France and England, he sold Louisiana to the United 
States for the sum of fifteen million dollars. He thus 
aimed a blow at England, and strengthened the 
friendship between France and the United States. 
He said, "I have given England a maritime rival, for 
this splendid accession of territory strengthens the 
power of the United States, and through her the 
pride of England will be humbled." His words were 
prophetic, for a few years later General Jackson made 
his famous attack on the British at New Orleans, by 
which our independence was fully secured ; and the 
United States became one of the great powers of the 
world. 

During the civil war Louisiana was one great 
battle-ground. From the mouth of the Mississippi, 
all along its way, vessels and forts sent forth their 
iron hail of shot and shell. One of the fiercely con- 
tested battles was fought at Port Hudson. The com- 
mander of the fort said, "It was a mistake to attempt 
its capture by land; it was impregnable, save to hun- 
ger." Yet the bravery of the Union troops was un- 
paralleled. 



(32 ) 



On the morning of May 27, the Eighth New 
Hampshire and Fourth Wisconsin, greeting each other, 
marched together into the very "jaws of death," 
"their's not to reason why." Before the day was 
spent the hearts of the bravest of the brave were 
stilled in death, and the hearts of loved ones at home 
broken. 

She is called "The Creole." 

'•'•Justice, Union, Confidence,'^ are the words on her 
seal of state. 

A fine block of L/Ouisiana marble, polished and 
lettered, represents the state. It was generously given 
by Col. E- L. Kursheedt of New Orleans. 

On this block will be cut the name of General 
Jackson. 



|HE nineteenth state, was admitted December 11, 
18 16. Eleven years before this the territory of 
Indiana was established, and William Henry Harri- 
son was appointed governor. He persuaded a part of 
the Indians to give up their lands. This displeased 
the Indian prophet and his followers, who declared 
that five tribes had no right to give up what belonged 
to all. A fierce and bloody war followed, ending 
with the famous battle on Tippecanoe river. 

By his victory over the Indians, Harrison gained 
a national reputation, and in 1840, when he received 
the presidential nomination, his constituents marched 
through the country with log cabins and barrels of 



( 33 ) 



hard cider, singing that noted campaign song of 
"Tippecanoe and Tyler too." He gained the victo- 
ry. But alas, the White house was his home for on- 
ly one short month. Then death entered and bore 
away the brave old statesman and warrior, who 

"Soared on fame's ladder so high, 
From the round at the top he passed to the sky." 

Indiana is familiarly called the "Hoosier." On 
her coat of arms is pictured the rising sun shining on 
fields of grain. 

A tablet of oolitic limestone represents the state. 
It has an added interest and value since it is a piece of 
the cornerstone of the beautiful monument which the 
people of the state have erected in honor or "Indi- 
ana's silent victors.". It bears this inscription: 
"From the state soldiers and sailors' monument, In- 
dianapolis, Indiana." It was presented by J. H. 
I/Ovejoy, an original member of the old Eighth N. H. , 
now a resident of Indianapolis. 



§HE twentieth state, was admitted December 17, 
181 7. The Spaniards, under De Soto, first ex- 
plored the country and discovered the splendid river 
which spans our continent. After many hardships, De 
Soto died . His companions weighted his winding sheet 
with bags of sand and placed it in a canoe. At the 
hour of midnight they rowed out to the middle of the 
river, and the "Father of waters" closed its mighty 
flood over its brave discoverer. 



( 34 ) 




< 









o 






Then the French took possession of the colony. 
It grew so slowly that they ceded it to England. 
Later it was organized as a territory of the United 
States. 

Among her eminent statesmen was Jefferson Da- 
vis, who represented the state in congress. He served 
in the Mexican war and was distinguished for bravery 
at the battle of Monterey and Buena Vista. At the 
outbreak of the civil war he was elected president of 
the Southern Confederacy. 

On her state seal is pictured an eagle flying over 
the river as the sun goes down. 

She is familiarly called the "Bayou state." 

She will be represented by a block of native 
stone, on which will be cut the name of the state and 
one of its distinguished sons. 



^HE twenty-first state, was admitted December 3, 
181 8. It was taken from the great Northwast 
Territory and named for a tribe of Indians. It was 
first visited by La Salle and settled by the French. 
This splendid state, with its vast prairies, its fertile 
soil watered by great rivers, was battled for in 
turn, by French, Indians and English. With un- 
speakable hardship they explored the vast domains. 
But our own American Republic finally gained pos- 
session and today it stands among the foremost of 
her sovereign states. 



( 35 ) 



Among her eminent statesmen are the names of 
Lincoln and Douglas, "rivals in love and war." 
The one lying close to the hearts of the people, 
reached the zenith of earthly fame, suffered the death 
of a martyr and passed into Heaven above, and im- 
mortality on earth. The other, honest and brilliant, 
"champion of popular sovereignty," said when the 
civil war opened its terrible guns, "Every man must 
be for the United States or against it ; there is no 
neutral ground. ' ' He sleeps on the shores of a beauti- 
ful lake, and a fine monument marks the resting place 
of the "Little Giant." 

Illinois is called "The Prairie State." On her 
seal are the words. ^^ State Sovereignty, National Un- 
ion.'''' 

Through the kindness and generosity of Hon. 
James A. Ross, Secretary of State, the fountain re- 
ceived a splended block of white sandstone, on which 
these memorial words of her martyred statesman are 
cut deep in the stone as they lie sacredly treasured in 
the hearts of the people: "With malice towards 
none with charity for all — Abraham Lincoln." 



1™^ HE twenty-second state was admitted December 
^^ 14, 1819, during those years in our nation's 
history known as the "era of good feeling." Her 
coat of arms is an eagle perched on the American 
shield. From it's beak a streamer floats, bearing this 
inscription, "Here we rest," which is the name of the 
state in the Indian language. 



( 36) 



The doctrine of state rights, old as the constitu- 
tion, was held sacred by some of the Southern states 
and among them was Alabama. So on January 1 1 , 
1861, she seceded from the Union, and joined the 
Southern Confederacy, which established its capital 
at Montgomery and chose Jefferson Davis president. 
His home and headquarters were established in the 
little "White House" near by. For good or ill these 
gallant men, conscientiously believing it was their duty 
to defend their state and protect their homes, fought 
bravely unto death. 

In commemoration of those days of trial, suffer- 
ing and defeat, a memorial in the form of a bronze 
star has been placed on a tile in the floor of the ver- 
anda at the state capitol, bearing this inscription. 
"Placed by Sophia Bibb Chapter, Daughters of the 
Confederacy, on the the spot where Jefferson Davis 
stood when inaugurated President of C. S. A., Febru- 
ary 18, 1861." 

The fine block of oolitic limestone which repre- 
sents the great "Cotton State" of the South, was 
quarried near Montgomery. It is the same kind of 
rock as that used for the fine monument erected by 
the Daughters of the Confederacy, in honor of their 
beloved dead. 

It was presented to the fountain by O. A. Clapp 
of the city of Montgomery. The longer it is exposed 
to the atmosphere the harder it becomes. God grant 
that it may be so with the bond of union which unites 
North and South ; cemented as it has been by the 
blood of America's noblest sons. 



(37 




plains 

'AS the twe7ity-tliird state to ratify the Constitu- 
tion, and was admitted to the Union April 15, 
1820. The first permanent settlement was made at 
York, ten years after the landing of the Pilgrims. 

Its name comes from the fact that it is the 
"Mayneland" with its accompanying islands outnum- 
bering the days of the year. 

It was the bloody battle ground between the 
English, French and Indians. 

From its splendid growth of pines, it is called 
the "Pine Tree State." 

On its seal is a star with the one word, "Dm^/o." 

Among the names that stand as a bulwark of 
strength for our National Government, none is more 
conspicuous or reliable than that of Thomas B. Reed. 
Therefore it is with pleasure that we place his auto- 
graph on a block of Maine granite. On another block 
of red granite is cut the name of the state. 

These blocks were received through the courtesy 
of Mr. O. A. Tarbox of Red Beach. 



|HE twenty -fourth state, was admitted August 10 
_^ 182 1. It was set off from the Louisiana Cession 
/liich was settled by the French. The territory asked 
permission of Congress to frame a State Constitution, 
which gave rise to a fierce contest over the existence 



( 38 ) 



of slavery. It was finally settled by the "Missouri 
Compromise." A bill framed by Henry Clay, pro- 
viding that Missouri should be admitted as a slave 
state ; but that in all other states formed from the 
Louisiana Cession, slavery should be prohibited. 

During the civil war the state remained loyal, al- 
though many of her citizens sympathized with the 
South. She passed an ordinance for the gradual abo- 
lition of slavery. 

Among her distinguished statesmen was Thomas 
H. Benton, who served as United States Senator for 
thirty consecutive years. He was familiarly called 
"Old Bullion" from his extreme conservatism in fi- 
nancial affairs. 

Missouri inscribes on her state seal the words 
^'■Salus Populi Sii'prema Lex Esto.''^ 

This state is represented by a fine, large block 
of red Arcadian granite. It came handsomely pol- 
lished and lettered. It was presented to the fountain 
by Col. T. A. Meysenburg of St. Louis. 



?HE twenty-fifth state, was admitted June 15, 1836. 
It was settled by the French. It remained a 
part of the Louisiana Cession till 1819, when it was 
established as a separate territory. 

At the outbreak of the civil war, there was a de- 
cided opposition against secession till President Lin- 
coln's call for troops, when the people were roused 
to a sense of the danger that threatened them, and 



( 39 ) 



were compelled to make their choice. So, on May 
6, 1861, the ordinance of secession was passed. Then 
danger and confusion reigned till 1875, when a new 
Constitution was framed. Since then, the state has 
been steadily growing in population and wealth. 

It is known as "The Bear," and on its state seal 
are the words : '-'■Merci Regnant PojjuU." 

Two fine blocks of dark blue and light gray 
granite, quarried near the state capital, came to the 
fountain through the courtesy of J. S. Braddock. On 
one is cut the name of the state ; on the other the 
name of its honored Governor, Dan. B. Jones. 



i^HB twentii'Sixth state, was admitted Januaiy 26, 
^" 1837. 

It was first settled by the French. They surren- 
dered their claim to the English. Twent)^ j-ears later 
England ceded it to the United States. 

When Michigan was admitted to the Union, 
one half the states were free and one half slave states. 

During the war of 181 2, the state suffered greatly 
from the combined attack of the English and Indians. 
They seized Fort Mackinaw and occupied Detroit. 
Our commerce was interrupted, our seamen impressed. 
They captured a large number of our vessels. 

At last, 'Old Ironsides" cam.e to the rescue, and 
with twenty other ships of war and a few gunboats 
she gained a brilliant victory over the English navy. 



( 40 ) 



General Harrison, at the battle of "Tippecanoe," 
restored Michigan to the United States. 

Michigan is familiarly called the "Wolverine." 
On her seal are the words : "^ Plurihus TJnumr 
It will be represented by a block of native stone, 
on which will be cnt the letters, "Michigan," and 
the name of one of her disting-uished sons. 



iHE Twenty-seventh state, was admitted in 1845. 
It was first visited by the Spaniards under 
Ponce De Leon. On a lovely Easter day in the year 
of onr I/ord 15 13, European eyes beheld for the first 
time this beautiful land crowned with its wealth of 
flowers. So they named it "Pascua Florida, or Flow- 
ery Easter." Then the Indians told them of the 
"Enchanted Fountain" which would give "Perpetual 
youth to all those who drank of its waters." But De 
Leon and his bold navigators sought in vain for the 
magical fountain. Fifty years later a company of 
French Huguenots made the first settlement. This 
entire Colony was massacred by the Spaniards, who 
made the first permanent settlement at St. Augustine. 
This nation held Florida till 1563, when they ex- 
changed it with England for the Island of Cuba. 
Then England gave Florida back to Spain in ex- 
change for the Bahama Islands. Then, through the 
purchase of Louisiana, it came into possession of the 
United States. 

It passed the Ordinance of Secession January 10, 



( 41 ) 



i86i, saying, "Florida is ready to wheel into line 
with the gallant Palmetto State." 

It is known as the "Land of Flowers." 
"Jn G-od we Trust'' are the words on her state 
seal. 

It is represented by a block of "Pnddington," 
which is the building stone of Florida. It was pre- 
sented by Mr. B. G. Kittredge. It came carefully 
wrapped in the soft moss that hangs so gracefully 
from the trees in the South. For this courtesy we 
are indebted to Mr. Calvin Merrill. These deeds of 
kindness, honoring as they do our revolutionary sires 
as well as the patriots of the civil war, are most 
thoroughly and pleasantly appreciated. 



IHE Twenty-eighth state, was admitted December 
29, 1845. 

Moses Austin, from Missouri, obtained a grant of 
land from the Mexican Government, which was set- 
tled by Americans. It increased so rapidly that it 
soon become a territory. Eleven years later a con- 
vention was called and a state constitution framed, 
which Mexico refused to acknowledge. So she seceded 
from Mexico, declared her independence and main- 
tained it, by defeating Santa Anna at the battle of 
San Jacinto. She chose her brave military leader, 
Sam Houston, president, and adopted a state constitu- 
tion favoring slavery. Then she asked admittance to 
the Union. This roused partisan feeling between 



(43 ) 




h4 
< 

o 



g 

o 

w 



I— I 






the slave and iion-slave-holding states. For eight 
years the struggle continued. Then annexation was 
accomplished, by a joint resolution of both houses of 
Congress. This led to the Mexican war. Then 
Texas ceded all her territory outside of her present 
state limits to the United States for ten million dol- 
lars. 

The splendid block of granite representing the 
state is the largest of all the blocks about the foun- 
tain. On its finely polished surface is cut the state 
seal, ''•The Lone Star,'' encircled by a wreath of oak 
and ivy. Outside of this are the words : "The state 
of Texas, 1900." And, as if still guarding the state 
they loved and served so faithfully, are the names 
of four Texan statesmen and soldiers : 

"Sam Houston," commander-in-chief of the 
Texan army, under whom the state securred its inde- 
pendence. He was governor of the state for seven 
years, and its representative in Congress for fourteen 
years. 

"Davy Crockett," a famous soldier, who fought 
with General Jackson. He represented the state in 
Congress for six years. 

"Fanning," (James W.), a brave soldier, who 
commanded the Texan soldiers at Coleta river against 
the Mexicans. 

"Bowie," (James), another gallant soldier, who 
was killed while fighting for Texan independence. 
A peculiar weapon that he used was the model for 
the "Bowie knife." 

This fine block of Texan granite was presented 
to the fountain by Macken and Company of Austin, 
Texas. 



( 43 ) 




jAS the Twenty-ninth state to join the Union and 

was admitted December 28, 1846, 
The territory was set off from the "Louisiana 
purchase." The first settlement was made by a 
Frenchman named Dubuque on the site of the present 
capital of the state. 

Its name signifies "Beautiful Country." 
On its seal of state are the words : " Our Liberty, 
Peace and our Rights we will maintain. 

It is familiarly called the "Hawkeye." 
This state is represented by a beautiful block of 
white sandstone, bearing this inscription, "Iowa, 
Captain T. C. Prescott, Eighth New Hampshire Vol- 
unteers," entwined with ivy leaves for remembrance. 
It was presented to the fountain by Captain Prescott of 
Sioux City. 



HE Thirtieth state, was admitted May 29, 1848. 
Jean Nicolet was the first white man who vis- 
ited this section of country. Under his leadership, 
the French established a settlement at Green Bay. 
By treaty it came into the hands of the English, who 
ceded it to the United States. 

It is familiarly called the "Badger." The one 
word on its state seal is '•'-Forward''' 

Wisconsin is represented by a fine block of na- 



(44) 



tive granite from Montello. The name of the state 
is cut in deep letters on its finely polished surface. 



|HE Thirty-first state, was admitted September 9, 
1850. It was named after the heroine of an old 
Spanish romance, who was queen of an island filled 
with gold. It was first explored by the Spaniards 
under Balboa. The Indians told him of a sea beyond 
the mountains. He sought for it, making his way 
through the wilderness. At last he reached the grand 
heights of the Pacific coast. Bidding his men remain 
behind, he climbed alone to the crest of the moun- 
tains, and there before him, bathed in the glory of the 
western sun, he looked down upon the peaceful waters 
of a mighty ocean. He fell upon his knees and 
praised God. Calling his followers they sang togeth- 
er the Te Deum lyaudamus. Descending to the 
coast he walked into the water, raised his drawn 
sword and declared that he touched the sea with his 
person, and would defend it for his king. 

Under the influence of the Spanish priests the Indi- 
ans learned to cultivate the soil and to build for them- 
selves houses of sun-dried brick. One of the early 
pioneers was John C. Fremont, who, while exploring 
the western section of our country, late in November, 
found himself and party in an unknown region, sur- 
rounded by snow-clad mountains. Without a guide, 
he bravely led his men up over the terrible barrier of 



( 45 ) 



ice and they came down into this beautiful land of 
sunshine and flowers ; and so he gained his title of 
"The Pathfinder." 

First by war and then by treaty with Mexico, the 
United States secured the vast territory including 
California, by the payment of fifteen million dollars. 
Later, gold was discovered on the Sacremento river 
and at the cry of gold, gold, there was a wild rush of 
immigrants overland, while ships from foreign coun- 
tries carried thousands of gold seekers through her 
far-famed Golden Gate. In less than two years, the 
population of the state increased to one hundred thous- 
and. 

She is familiarly called "The El Dorado" and has 
the fitting motto '■'■Eureka'''' on her state seal. 

California is represented by a fine block of yellow 
sandstone, quarried at Palo Acto, where the first bat- 
tle of the Mexican war was fought. It bears this in- 
scription : "Leland Stamford JuniorUniversity, Cal- 
ifornia.'' It was presented by Ada Lull Gray. 



|HE Tldrty-second state, was admitted May ii, 
1858. Louis Heimspeir, a Belgian missionary, 
was the first white man who visited this section of 
country. He discovered and named the Falls of St. 
Anthony. 

The state was named for its river, in the Indian 
langiiage meaning "Cloudy water.'' 



(46 ) 



During the civil war an Indian massacre occurred. 
More than seven hundred people were slain. 

It is familiarly called the "Gopher." On its seal 
are the words ' ^Letoile Du Nord. ' ' 

The state is represented by a block of white sand- 
stone from the town of Sandstone. It was secured 
through Hon. W. C. Grant of St. Paul. 



HE Thirty-tJdrd state, was admitted February 14, 
1859. Originally the territory of Oregon in- 
cluded all that broad stretch of country lying between 
the Rocky mountains and Pacific ocean. It was first 
explored by the English. In 1832 four Indians be- 
longing to the "Flat Head tribe" walked all the way 
to St. Louis to inquire for the "Christian's Book and 
the white man's God.'' Ministers were at once sent 
out to establish missions, and among them was Dr. 
Marcus Whitman of Massachusetts. 

Later, the Hudson Bay fur companies combined 
against the United States. A fierce dispute arose. 
Said Thomas H. Benton, "Ten thousand rifles will 
annihilate the Hudson Bay Company." The dispute 
was settled by owning the country in common. La- 
ter, Dr. Whitman, seeing the value of the territory 
and wishing it to come into possession of the United 
States, made a perilous journey in mid-winter from 
the vicinity of Wala-Wala to Washington. He had 
with him a companion and guide. They were five 



( 47 ) 



months on the road. On reaching the national capi- 
tal he presented his case to the authorities with the 
most favorable results. He took back with him a 
large number of settlers, and in a short time there 
was a colony of three thousand Americans. 

"2%e Union'''' encircled with 33 stars, is inscribed 
on its seal of state. 

Oregon is represented by a block of marble which 
was kindly presented to the Fountain by W. W. 
Martin of Engene, Oregon. 



l^jpHE Thirty-fourth state, was admitted January 29, 
^^ 1 86 1. It was established as a territory from 
the Louisiana Cession. 

In 1854 it became the bloody battle-ground of sec- 
tionalism. This condition was brought about by the 
repeal of the "Missouri Compromise," and the estab- 
lishment of the "Kansas Nebraska bill" which provi- 
ded that the question of slavery was to be decided by 
the settlers of the state. It caused intense political 
excitement. Stephen A. Douglas, the author of the 
bill, said : "For this, I shall be denounced and hung 
in effigy, but acting under a sense of duty, I will do 
it." The Massachusetts EmigTant Aid society 
sent out men who settled at Topeka and framed a 
constitution prohibiting slavery. Then the pro-slav- 
ery men settled at Pawnee and framed a constitution, 
voting Kansas a slave state. And so these two fac- 
tions contended for five years, till the Emigrant Aid 



(48 ) 




o 
o 

c 



X 
< 






I— < 

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r 

C 
I— ( 

w 



society gained the victory and Kansas was admitted a 
free state. 

Kansas is called "The Garden,'' and her motto is : 
'^Ad Astra Per Aspera."" 

This great central state of the union is represented 
by a fine block of dark brown sandstone, on which 
the name of the state is cut deep in the stone. It 
was presented to the Fountain by Hon. Fred S. 
Hatch of Larned. 



||i||HE Thirty-fifth state, was admitted June 20, 1863. 
Jg At the time of the civil war the people living in 
the western section of Virginia refused to be bound 
by the ordinance of secession, so with the consent of 
Virginia, they called a convention, elected their offi- 
cers and were admitted to the union. They chose 
for the motto on their state seal the words ''Mo7itani 
Semper Liberi." West Virginia is represented by a 
block of granite. 



?HE Thirty-sixth state, was admitted October 31, 
I 1864. It was formed from the Mexican cession. 
After the discovery of silver it was organized as a 
territory. It has the richest silver mines in the 
world. It takes its name from the Sierra Nevada 
mountains. It is familiarly called the "Sage Brush. ' ' 



( 49) 



'^All For Our Country'' is the motto on her state 
seal. 

It is represented by a small block of silver-bearing 
rock. 



IHE Thirty-seventh state, was admitted in 1867. 

^ Its name signifies "Water Valley." The ter- 
ritory was organized from the "Louisiana cession." 
The bill providing for its establishment was intro- 
duced in congress by Stephen A. Douglas. It pro- 
vided that the states organized should exercise their 
own choice in regard to the question of slavery. 
This was a death blow to the Missouri compromise 
and caused intense excitement in the North, which 
finally resulted in the civil war. 

'•'■ Equality Before The Lcm'" is engraven on her state 
seal. 

Nebraska is represented by specimens of white 
onyx and water agate, also small cobbles secured 
through the courtesy of Mrs. A. J. Rich. 



i^HE Thirty-eighth state, was admitted August i, 
^ 1876. It was formerly a part of the Mesilla 
valley ceded from Mexico. 

In 1540, Coronado, a Spaniard, while seeking for 



( 50 ) 



the rich city of Quivira, discovered the river for which 
the state is named. In 1806, Major Pike with a regi- 
ment of soldiers, visited this region and left his name 
on one of her grand mountain peaks. Through this 
section runs the continental range of mountains, 
while the Colorado river and its tributaries forms 
one of the most remarkable water systems in the 
world. The scenery is picturesque in the extreme. 
The Grand Canon cut by the Arkansas river extends 
a distance of two hundred miles and rises to a height 
of seven thousand feet. Its near neighbor, the Devil's 
canon, is a marvel of wildness. The Indians who 
owned the country are fast disappearing. Whither ? 
To annihilation or amalgamation, time alone can 
tell. Political suffrage is given the women. 

It is called the "Continental state." On its seal 
are the words ''Ml Sine Numiner The state is rep- 
resented by iron, marble, coal, copper, lead, crystals, 
gold and silver bearing rocks. 



IHIS section was under English rule before the 
^_J settlement of the boundary line between the two 
^^tries. Ini86i, it was organized as the terri- 
tory of Dakota. Twenty-eight years later the terri- 
tory was divided into the states of North and South 
Dakota. They were admitted to the union on the 
same day, November 2, 1889, as the Thirty-ninth and 
Fortieth states. On their state seals are the words 



( 51 ) 



'■'• Liberty and Union, One and Inseparable, Now and 
Forever^ 

The state is represented by a block of red and 
white rock, on which is cut the name of each state. 
Also specimens of alabaster, selenite, black, white and 
yellow mica. For this collection the Fountain is in- 
debted to Z, C. Brown, 24th 111. Cavalry. 



Plmttrt^trt, 

fHE Forty-first state, was admitted November 8, 
1889. The territory was formerly a part of the 
Louisiana cession. " Oro y Plata''' is the inscription 
on her state seal. 

A small but heavy block of lead ore represents the 
state. 




sAS the Forty-second state and was admitted No- 
vember II, 1889. It was formed from the ter- 
ritory of Oregon. Political suffrage is granted to 
women. "AL-KT' are the letters on her seal of state. 
A block of gray rock made its long journey across 
the continent to join its sister states of stone grouped 
round the Fountain. It was presented by Mr. C. L- 
Baum of San Francisco. 



( 52 ) 



IHE Forti/-tMrd state was admitted ]vL\y 2,, 1890. 
It lies mostly on the Pacific slope. It was set 
off from the territory of Oregon. Women are given 
the right of political suffrage. ''Salve' is the one 
word on her state seal. 

Idaho is represented by an Indian hammer which 
was found in the town of St. Anthony, on the Snake 
or "Mad" river. This place was a favorite camping- 
ground of the Indians. It was presented by M. J. 
Gray. 



gAS admitted July i, 1890, as the Forty-fourth 
__| state. The territory was a part of the Me- 
SK^alley bought of Mexico. Here the Wind range 
of the Rockies send up their lofty peaks. The three 
Tetons outlined against the sky are unrivalled as a 
mountain picture. The central peak rises to a height 
of nearly 14,000 feet. In this vicinity the mountain 
streams part company, starting out on their long trips 
eastward to the Atlantic, southward to the Gulf and 
westward to the Pacific. 

Our National park, the "Wonder Land" of the 
world, lies largely in the state. Political suffrage is 
granted to women. 

On her state seal are the words ''Oedant Arma To- 
ga.'' Wyoming is represented by a block of gray 
sandstone. 



( 53 ) 




ICtrtlj, 

IHE Forty-fifth state, was admitted December 13, 
1892. "Columbia's newest star" was wel- 
comed by a native poet with a song : 

"Land of the mountain high, 
Land of the sunny sky, 
Far in the distant west, 
Throned on the mountains' crest, 
In robes of statehood dressed, 
Utah we love thee." 

The territory of Utah was formed from land bought 
of Mexico and was named for its native tribe of Indi- 
ans, the Utes. It was settled by a colony of Mor- 
mons from Illinois. Under their energetic leader, 
Brigham Young, they made their way through an 
unbroken wilderness, encountering dangers on every 
hand. They were often cold and wet, hungry and 
tired, sick and dying, yet the hope that has ever in- 
spired the religious enthusiast led them on far be- 
yond the western frontier. They climbed the high 
wall of the Rockies, and went down into a valley of 
sage brush and salt water. So barren the place seemed 
that the United States Government offered them a 
Prize for the first ear of corn raised. For a year they 
starved on boiled thistles and carrots. But the in- 
vincible manhood and womanhood conquered. To- 
day, the traveller sees in the capital one of the gems 
of American cities, set in the greenest of valleys, 
studded on all sides by the white-tipped range of the 
Wasatch hills. See her delightful lake, Salter than 
the ocean brine and blue as the summer heavens. 
Would you know what genuine comfort means ? 
Bathe in its supporting waters, then dance or dine 



( 54 ) 



if you wish in the lake's unique temple of Soltaire. 
When the sun goes down stand before the great, gran- 
ite temple which, like Solomon's, was "forty years in 
building." If you give way to your fancy, you can 
hear the trumpet of the angel Maroni as he stands on 
the tallest pinnacle ablaze with the glory of the 
western sun. 

Political suffrage has always been given to women. 
It is familiarly called "Deseret." On her state seal 
is pictured a bee hive, fitting emblem of the energy 
and industry of a people who have made a "desert" 
waste of land to blossom and bring forth abundant 
harvests. 

She has chosen for her state flower the white per- 
fumed blossom of the Sago lily. 

Utah is represented by a block of granite inscribed 
"Salt Lake Temple," two small blocks of onyx, on 
one of which is cut the autograph of Wilford Wood- 
ruff, on the other that of Hon. G. Q. Cannon. 



(55) 



|HE national capital is represented by a block of 
chiseled marble bearing a fac-simile autograph 
of "G. Washington." 

The executive mansion for 1897 is represented by 
a piece of statuary marble on which is cut the auto- 
graph of its fair, courteous mistress, Frances F. Cleve- 
land. 

The national house is represented by the auto- 
graphs of Hon. C. A. Sulloway and Hon. H. M. Ba- 
ker. 

On a square of white marble is cut the Red Cross 
and the autograph of its devoted champion, Clara 
Barton. 

The treasury department will be represented by a 
square of granite, on which will be cut the names of 
New Hampshire's noble daughter, Harriet P. Dame. 

The Fountain is indebted to O. A. Hamblett for 
boulders from Mount Vernon, Washington and Ken- 
tucky. 



^fi^RIZONA is represented by a large block of gray 
^1^ marble. It was secured through the courtesy 
and generosity of Maj. H. A. Reed, 99th Penn. 
Vols., and Lieut. Col. Wm. Roy, ist. Ind. Artillery. 



England, France, Italy, Switzerland, Africa, Bel- 
gium, Norway, Mexico. 



( 56 ) 



THE FOUNTAIN. 

j^ 

From my window I see night 

Coming on apace, 
And through the shadows 

The delicate lines I trace 
Of the shaft which stands, 

Telling the veterans' story, 
And the Spirit of the playing Fountain, 

Shining in glory. 

Above the grand gifts there, culled 

From five and two score states, 
Patriotically coming and greeting 

As mates, 
Willingly meeting and grouping 

At a Woman's call, 
Shine the brilliant electrics 

Over them all. 



Sacrificed lives are there 

Personified in stone, 
Each rivalling the other. 

Yet glowing as one ; 
Gathered from the East 

And beyond the Rockies' wall. 
They encircle the Fountain 

With light touch, mystical. 



( 57 ) 



Stand thou there, oh Fairy, 

For a thousand years ; 
Thou wilt cheer fainting hearts 

And allay tumultuous fears ; 
Though thou weepest at times 

Like the rain, oh gem of bronze, 
Thy tears will but cement the hearts 

Of all the loyal Sons. 

We see in thee, oh thou fair form 

Above us lifted. 
The spirit of that gladsome hour 

When through the rifted 
Clouds of war we saw 
God'shandputforth, the conflict cease, 
And heard the victorious leader call, 

' ' Let us have peace. ' ' 

J. M. Stanyan. 



( 58 ) 



ERRATA. 

Page 6, 2oth line, for ''The Union it must and shall be forever," 
read "The Union it must and shall be preserved," etc. 

Page 36, 19th line, for "Memorial words of her martyred states- 
man," read "Memorable words," etc. 

Page 51, i6th line, for "Continental state," read "Centennial 
state." 

Page 55, 15th line, for "Sago lily'" read "Sego lily." 



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